Mastering UFW on Ubuntu
A month before, I have purchased a node in Digital Ocean. I have to admit it, they are a very good cloud solution provider. From a tiny startup to a large corporate, they have any type of solution. I have chosen Ubuntu 14.4 to go with the Digital Ocean droplet. Why I chose Ubuntu! Because of the vast amount of packages available for it via Aptitude.
After having my droplet booted up, there are a lot of work to do. I started with installing the UFW.
###What is UFW? UFW stands for Uncomplicated Firewall, is a front-end to iptables. It will manage your firewall while providing a very easy interface. It’s supported and popular on most of the Linux distos.
###How to install UFW UFW can be installed using aptitude. The following command will install UFW.
$ sudo apt-get install ufw
###Start the UFW Current status of UFW can be seen using the command below.
$ sudo ufw status
To start and stop UFW the following commands are used below.
$ sudo ufw enable $ sudo ufw disable
###Using IPv6 To enable IPv6 support we need to modify the /etc/default/ufw file.
$ sudo vi /etc/default/ufw
Then make sure “IPV6” is set to “yes”, like:
IPV6=yes
Now restart the UFW.
###Setup defaults After installing and starting the UFW, the first task is to setup the default rules. To deny all incoming and outgoing connections I have executed:
$ sudo ufw default deny incoming $ sudo ufw default deny outgoing
if you do not want to be so much restrictive, then you can allow all outgoing connections.
###Some defaults settings After done so, I needed to configure UFW to continue working. Like allowing SSH, WWW etc.
$ sudo ufw allow ssh $ sudo ufw allow www
If you want to allow other ports, follow the command:
$ sudo ufw allow 8000/tcp
Update your port in place of 8000 and udp if needed in place of tcp. If you need to set rules for port range:
$ sudo ufw allow 8000:9000/tcp
Setting rules for a specific IP address is also possible:
$ sudo ufw allow from 192.168.255.255
Update your IP as needed.
###Deny a connection Setting rules to deny is almost like the allow command. We need to replace the allow with deny like:
$ sudo ufw deny 8000/tcp
###Deleting an existing rule Deleting a rule is also possible.
$ sudo ufw delete allow ssh $ sudo ufw delete allow 80/tcp $ sudo ufw delete allow 1000:2000/tcp
If this way of deleting seems difficult to you, then you can get the current rules in a numbered list and use that number to delete the rule like:
$ sudo ufw status numbered $ sudo ufw delete [number]
###Problem with APT-GET As I have denied all the connection now, apt-get will not work because of UFW. To fix this issue I have added the following rules:
ufw allow http ufw allow 53 ufw allow out http ufw allow out 53
###RESET everything If you need to reset the total configuration then:
$ sudo ufw reset
If you are working on a desktop (not a server), and you have access to a GUI, then you can use GUFW to manage all these settings from a graphical interface. Get it from here http://gufw.org/
That’s it. That’s how to work with UFW on an Ubuntu platform.
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